In every society, the number of groups
and social unity not just one. In conjunction with classification, then
there are the diverse forms and criteria.
1. Primary And Secondary group (already described).
2. In Group And Out Group
In Group (the group) is
any group that is used by a person to identify himself.While Out
Group (outside the group) is a group that is outside the group.
Attitudes In
Group generally based on the element of sympathy and feeling close
among group members. While Out Group always marked by
anti starch and antagonists. About In Group or Out
Group can be encountered in every community who have different
interests.
3. Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft
Gemeinschaft is that there are life
forms with fastener elements, a pure form of inner connection that is natural
and eternal. The factor that makes the bond, a sense of love and unity
that are natural mind like family, kinship group.
Distinguish Tonnies Gemeinschaft into
three types:
a. Gemeinschaft by blood, which is a bond based on blood ties offspring. Examples
of family, kinship group.
b. Gemeinschaft of place, which is the bond that consists of people who
are near their homes, thus helping each other.
c. Gemeinschaft of mind, which consists of people who even do not
have blood ties / residence adjacent to, but they have the same soul and the
mind, because the same ideology.
While Gesellschaft is
a form of bonding together in the form of bonds that are subject born within a
certain period. Examples of bond traders, trade unions and so on.
4. Formal and Informal Group Group
Formal group is a
social group in which there are strict regulations deliberately created in
order to regulate relations between its members. The literal rule was
included on the rights, obligations and status of its members. Example:
bond professional groups such as Indonesian Economist Association (ISEI),
Society Historian Indonesia (MSI).
While the informal
group is a social group that does not have a definite structure and
organization. Such groups are encouraged by the meetings that occur
repeatedly for certain interests on the basis of the same experience. Example:
some union members hold meetings.
5. Community
Community is a group
whose members account for its membership based relationship with the local
environment. It seems that the relationships among fellow residents that
can be used to obtain pleasure, visit, work and others.
6. Rural City Community and Society
The differences that
exist in modern society is between the villages and towns.This is because in
general the village / hamlet always receives the influence of the city. And
the city is a society that is dynamic and forward. City people should be
able to behave according to the environment, respect and courtesy, and able to
withstand conscience. They must learn how to control the differences in
different situations and take advantage of the friendship.
7. The crowd and the Public
The characteristics of
the group kerumaunan disorganized. Sometimes display irrational behavior,
unwanted emotional. Physical presence (can be measured by the distance
that can still be seen and his voice can still be heard ear). They are temporary. They
do not like a family, but more determined by time.
Although not organized
but still there may be a leader, but there is no division of labor / system
status. Interactions in this group unsupervised so spontaneous,
unpredictable and not formed. Every person in this group have the same
status, so the crowd does not recognize the existence of individual
differences.
Public is dispersed
group / not collected. Members of the public have never met each other. They
do not direct relations with media such as telephone, radio, television,
newspapers. Thanks to the media indirectly that the members of the public
can be great. Public is a group associated with the estimates and the
mind.So that the public is always associated with the opinion / opinions. And
public behavior that is based on the actions of individuals who are making
decisions.
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