CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Man as an individual
Man seen from the way
he presented himself as an individual, is the side that is very important to be
observed and studied. Each individual has its own style in selecting
actions. Is he going to try to compromise (agreement / peace agreement /
settlement of disputes in which the parties involved mutually reduce their
demands in order to reach a point of completion) with a value system he has an
instinct or other individual. That is a distance. It means he will be
grouped by selecting individuals with consideration of its thoughts and
feelings in accordance with instinct and knowledge. Or otherwise he would
take the distance within certain limits or even try out for existentialistis
(presence / form that looks a) break away from the environment.
So, people here
continue to be seen as human beings appear and select an action individually. ___
Taking into account biological factors that must be maintained and championed
___ pertumbuhannya____ and cultural factors that offer main___ rules which can
be static (balanced, does not change the situation / fixed) or can be dynamic
(changing / moving forward). To be able to anticipate the attitude and
action choices, it is deemed essential to trace the position taken in an effort
to understand themselves, other people, time, place and in the alternative to
take the next day and also be able to perform in a bigger and better the
community.
CHAPTER II
DEFINITIONS AND DEVELOPMENT OF INDIVIDUAL
A. Understanding the individual
Means an individual
person. This word always refers to humans, and not in the non-human. And
also refer to a person as well as to distinguish it from the public (individuals
and society ). And also the characteristics attached to one
person.Characteristics inherent to the identity of the person who gave him a
special called personality.
Humans of course are
not the same as the machine, meaning that humans are not mechanical. For
example, a tape-recorder is used to record a story, then all parts of the story
will be recorded on tape. But man can not do such things. He just
will capture the most important parts of the course of the story, or he's
trying to concentrate the information received by the five senses. It will
be up on what is referred to as observations .
With existing
experience, individuals have the ability to compare the phenomenon with other
phenomena, which he never would come to perceive and preparation of an abstract
depiction of a new and completely different from any phenomenon. It may be
known as a concept .
Personality /
uniqueness of the individual will be able to be understood by studying the
elements that led to the uniqueness of it. According Koentjoroningrat ,personality
elements include knowledge, feelings and instinct.
The elements of
impulse no less important to understand. Instinct is something that is
always there in individuals with congenital or element without obtaining any
prior knowledge. There is some encouragement to know that:
1. impetus in order to
survive.
2. Sex drive.
3. The urge to find food.
4. Encouragement to interact with others.
5. The urge to mimic each other's behavior.
6. The urge to serve.
7. The urge for beauty.
Personality and these
elements lead to a different individual with other individuals.Elements of
another default is not usually our own lives. The Greeks say in the
formulation: " to live is to be among men, to dies is to crease,
to be among men . "Which means: "as long as we live in this
world, we always can not escape the nature of dependence on other human beings
in order to self-knowledge." We always try to identify yourself with
how to interact with others.
With these essays hope
there is the understanding of man as an individual. In the sense that each
individual is a unique private, according to their own style of personality,
including skills.
The presence of
individuals in a society often characterized by the behavior of individuals who
are trying to put himself in front of other individuals who have had behavioral
patterns according to the cultural norms in place. Here the individual
will attempt to distance himself and process for forming behavior in tune with
the existing circumstances and habits. Existing behavior in itself can be adjustable (adjust
to).Man as an individual always in the middle of a group of individuals who
once mematangkannya to be private. The process of private individuals to
be supported and inhibited not only by himself, but also supported and
constrained by the surrounding groups.
1. Destructive and
constructive
In the process to be
private, the individual is required to adjust to the environment __ where he
berada___baik the physical / psychological environment. The physical
environment includes: physical circumstances vary from one individual to
another individual. Psychic environment include: environmental adopts
different values held by other individuals.
In conjunction with
the environment, we will later see whether these individuals adjust themselves alloplastis means
he will actively shape and often change the environment or otherwise he will
adjust autoplastis / passive, meaning that the
environment will shape his personality.
In the process
alloplastis will frequently encountered symptoms toward destructive. Because
individuals will appear as the agent of change, he will bring
new values, vitality and spirit in relation to its environment. If the
system of values and social institutions that exist are not so strong, it
tends to be a change that is not controlled and not at all planned. And if
it is sustainable, it is not impossible for an individual to perform a
dictatorial leader.
The characteristics of
individuals that are destructive: we find a tendency to meet the
psychological needs of overrated. Usually seek satisfaction temporal
(temporary) is often only enjoyed themselves and that probably only a handful
of other individuals into the group. Appearances will be marked by a sheer
act rationally toward the future.
By understanding these
symptoms, we will be able to create a dynamic perspective on an individual, so
it is not natural to happen alloplastis excessive or otherwise become trapped
in alloplastis individual.
Individuals who will
be born if the constructive adjustment to her, she is in a balanced position,
meaning he was not too distressed by his environment and the people are not too
much in the process alloplastis.
2. compromise and
anti-establishment
From both the above
symptoms will be seen attitudes temporal (temporary) compromise individual
attitudes and behavior that is anti-establishment.
The attitude of
compromising an individual usually are caused by the way-the way he meets the
needs of the organic / psychological needs. If people need a sense of
security (security), he will easily accept any terms of the dominance that can
give a sense of security. However, if individuals increasingly rely on the
environment to meet their needs, once the individual is going to be a little
strange, that she would be redundant given the price of the physical and
psychological environment. Individuals will eventually find another
satisfaction is the satisfactionof altruism (love their
fellow human beings are altruistic). While the anti-establishment attitude
of the individual is excessive in terms of the individual interacting with the environment. The
greater the effect of environment on the individual, the easier he stuck to
compromise. But conversely, the smaller the environmental impact of
different people in a private environment, will increasingly appear
anti-establishment attitude of the individual or individuals who got a boost
from the establishment to the existing anti. Because he will never trust
establishment can provide an answer to the needs of the individual.
B. Individual development
Human development are
natural and normal to go through a process of growth and development in
physical and spiritual. Since the womb, the process has already begun to
be born. He began to require a mother's love and a family environment.When
have been able to play outside the house, he began to recognize the community. He
started hanging out, talking to peers. He also began to play a role and
provide social contact to others. He began to understand and realize that
in the game there are certain rules. Social norms should he obey willingly
to always maintain good relations with the group. At that time he learned
to develop power capabilities and skills they have, as a contribution to the
development group. He is also able to adapt themselves to the conditions
of social groups and be able to assimilate themselves with the group to accept
the norms that have been established. Eventually he got the stimulus
toward lifestyle as social beings. She realizes that she can not live
alone without the need of others.
Individual development
is not only supported and inhibited by himself, but also supported and
constrained by the group around him. The physical conditions in the
vicinity are also great influence on the development of the individual. Because
human beings than as individuals are also social beings and as well as being
berketuhanan.So the effort to educate the young generation, especially young
generation of Indonesia should be based on the three aspects mentioned above.
As individual beings,
humans Indonesia has a distinctive character according to the personality style
of the Indonesian nation, so clearly different individuals from other nations.
As social beings,
humans Indonesia must be able to interact with the environment and should be
aware that he is part of a social group of Indonesia which has the Unity in
Diversity-friendly in terms of race, ethnicity, language, religion and culture.
As berketuhanan
creature, each individual nation Indonesia should be completely aware of the
greatness of God's power and omniscience.
Efforts to develop
young people as individual beings, social beings and creatures berketuhanan,
all three must go together, harmonious and balanced should not evolve on their
own.
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